The Week Got Started On A Softer Note As Investors Took Some Money Off The Table Following A Strong Showing This Month. Entering Monday, The Nasdaq And S&P 500 Were Up 11.0% And 6.0%, Respectively, In January.
The early weakness was precipitated by an article in The Wall Street Journal by Nick Timiraos indicating that Fed officials were concerned that inflation could reaccelerate due to tight labor markets. Mr. Timiraos added in a Monday article that the Fed's interest rate strategy could depend on how much members believe the economy will slow.
There was also an element of trepidation behind Monday's weak showing ahead of several market-moving data releases, including the Q4 Employment Cost Index, the January ISM releases, and the January Employment Situation Report. In addition, market participants were cognizant that more than 100 S&P 500 companies would be reporting earnings this week, headlined by Meta Platforms, Apple, Alphabet, and Amazon.com.
Sentiment started to shift on Tuesday as investors looked intent on closing out a strong month on an upbeat note. Participants were also driven by a sense that the Fed may be compelled to pause its rate hikes in the near future following a pleasing Q4 Employment Cost Index and some weaker-than-expected January Chicago PMI and Consumer Confidence data.
The latter point was corroborated in a Wall Street Journal article by Nick Timiraos that suggested the Employment Cost Index report could increase the possibility of Fed officials agreeing to pause the rate hikes sooner rather than later.
A strong rebound effort took root on Wednesday. This followed the FOMC's unanimous decision to raise the target range for the fed funds rate by 25 basis points to 4.50-4.75%, as expected, and Fed Chair Powell's press conference, where did not go out of his way to rein in the market's rebound enthusiasm.
Mr. Powell acknowledged that the "Full effects of rapid tightening so far have yet to be felt and we have more work to do." He indicated that core services inflation is still running too high, which creates a basis for ongoing rate hikes. Overall, though, Mr. Powell was generally encouraging about the emerging signs of disinflation.
Importantly for market participants, he did not condemn loosening financial conditions and maintained that he thinks there is a path to getting inflation back down to 2.0% without a really significant economic decline or significant increase in unemployment.
A huge earnings-driven gain in Meta Platforms fueled a continuation of the rally effort at the start of Thursday's session. Meta's pleasing results on the heels of Fed Chair Powell's press conference, where he took a less aggressive tone, fueled a sense that earnings growth and monetary policy may be better than feared this year.
Positive reactions to some data releases Thursday morning also helped along the upside bias. A pleasing Q4 Productivity report, which featured a moderation in unit labor costs, left the market feeling good about inflation trends. Separately, weekly initial jobless claims hit their lowest level (183,000) since April 2022, but that did not deter the rally effort, as it was construed as another good portent for a possible soft landing.
The rally did hit an air pocket, though, when the S&P 500 failed to clear the 4,200 level. The pullback was likely driven by a feeling that the market had gotten overbought/overextended and was due for some consolidation. The downturn did not last long, however, and the main indices were able to climb back towards session highs ahead of Thursday's closing bell.
To be fair, a sizable loss in Merck following its quarterly results kept the price-weighted Dow Jones Industrial Average in negative territory for most of Thursday's session.
The final session of the week turned out to be a losing session with disappointing earnings and/or guidance from Alphabet, Amazon.com, Starbucks, and Ford dictating the action along with a surprisingly strong gain in January nonfarm payrolls (+517,000) and a stronger than expected January ISM Services PMI (55.2%) that marked a return to growth mode.
The strong data created some doubts as to whether the Fed will pause its rate hikes soon and cut rates at all before the end of the year.
Treasuries sold off sharply in response to the data releases. The 2-yr note yield rose 21 basis points to 4.29% and the 10-yr note yield rose 14 basis points to 3.53%. The U.S. Dollar Index rose 1.2% to 102.96. Separately, the fed funds futures market is now accounting for the prospect of a third 25 basis point rate hike in May. According to the CME FedWatch Tool, the probability of a rate hike in May, in addition to the one that is fully priced in for March, increased to 61.8% from 30.0% yesterday.
Many stocks pulled back on profit-taking efforts following the earnings and economic news. Apple, however, which also came up shy of earnings estimates for the December quarter, was not among them. Granted Apple declined 2.0% off the open but quickly rebounded and finished the day up 2.4% as investors seemingly believed its shortcomings would be short lived.
Only three S&P 500 sectors registered losses this week -- energy (-5.9%), health care (-0.1%), and utilities (-1.5%) -- while the communication services (+5.3%), information technology (+3.8%), and consumer discretionary (+2.3%) sectors logged the biggest gains.
· Nasdaq Composite: +3.3% for the week / +14.7% YTD
· Russell 2000: +3.9% for the week / +12.7% YTD
· S&P Midcap 400: +3.4% for the week / +11.4% YTD
· S&P 500: +1.6% for the week / +7.7% YTD
· Dow Jones Industrial Average: -0.2% for the week / +2.4% YTD